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Definition of "four-quadrant operation" |
(1) a signed representation of electrical or mechanical variables in the phase plane in order to situate the different modes for energy transfer. This term can be used both for power electronics and electrical machines. For electrical variables, the four-quadrant operation is defined by the voltage–current (or current–voltage) characteristic with the two variables expressed as instantaneous or mean values. For mechanical variables, the term is defined by the torque–speed (or speed–torque) characteristic with the same time-domain representation as previously explained. The energy transfer is defined with electrical power in the voltage–current curve and with mechanical power in the torque–speed curve. The four-quadrant operation is related to reversible power in electromechanical systems. For example, in the case of power electronics, the four-quadrant operation is defined only with electrical variables to visualize the way of energy transfer in a static converter. For electrical machines, the same operation can be defined with electrical variables at the input (motor) or at the output (generator) and also with mechanical variables at the output (motor) or at the input (generator). |
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