Electrical Engineering ⇒ Topic : Introduction of Series A.C. Circuits
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Introduction An a.c. circuit differs from a d.c. circuit in many respects. First, in a d.c. circuit we consider resistances only whereas in an a. c. circuit, in addition to resistance (R), inductance (L) and capacitance (C) also play the part. The elements L and C offer opposition (i.e. XL and Xc) to current flow in an a.c. circuit. Secondly, the magnitude of current in an a.c. circuit is affected by the supply frequency because XL (= 2πfL) and Xc, (= 1/2π f C) are frequency dependent. However, such a situation is not encountered in a d.c. circuit. Thirdly, in a d.c. circuit, voltages or currents can be added or subtracted arithmetically. But in an a.c. circuit, there is a phase difference of 900 between voltage across and current through L or C. This implies that for the addition or subtraction of alternating voltages or currents, phase difference has to be taken into account. All these features make the analysis of an a.c. circuit quite different from that of a d.c. circuit. In this chapter, we shall confine our attention to series a.c. circuits only. | |
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