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Definition of "Saturation" |
The condition existing in any circuit in which an increase in the input signal produces no further change in the output. The operating point of a vacuum tube or transistor at which a further increase in grid or base current no longer produces an increase in plate or collector current. The current between the base and collector of a bipolar transistor when an increase in emitter to base voltage causes no further increase in the collector current. The point at which the output of a linear device, such as a linear amplifier, deviates significantly from being a linear function of the input when the input signal is increased. In a magnetic core, the condition in which a magnetic material has reached a maximum flux density and the permeability has decreased to a value of approximately In a communications system, the condition in which a component of the system has reached its maximum traffic handling capacity. / (1) the failure of the output to increase as fast as the input. For example, often the current regulator used in variable-speed drives is unable to track the commanded current because of insufficient voltage difference between the motor back EMF and the supply. In an amplifier, saturation results in a reduction of gain in an amplifier or loss in an absorber due the intensity of the signal being amplified or absorbed. In ferromagnetic circuits, the magnetic flux initially increases linearly with the applied magnetomotive force (MMF), but eventually most of the domains in the ferromagnetic material become aligned, and the rate of increase in flux decreases as the MMF continues to increase. |
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