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What are the transformer losses?
TRANSFORMER LOSSES -
Iron Losses
Hysteresis Loss
Eddy Current Loss
Copper Loss Or Ohmic Loss
Stray Loss
Dielectric Loss
Iron Losses
Iron losses are caused by the alternating flux in the core of the transformer as this loss occurs in the core it is also known as Core loss. Iron loss is further divided into hysteresis and eddy current loss.
Hysteresis Loss
The core of the transformer is subjected to an alternating magnetising force, and for each cycle of emf, a hysteresis loop is traced out. Power is dissipated in the form of heat known as hysteresis loss. The iron or core losses can be minimised by using silicon steel material for the construction of the core of the transformer.
Eddy Current Loss
When the flux links with a closed circuit, an emf is induced in the circuit and the current flows, the value of the current depends upon the amount of emf around the circuit and the resistance of the circuit. Since the core is made of conducting material, these EMFs circulates currents within the body of the material. These circulating currents are called Eddy Currents. They will occur when the conductor experiences a changing magnetic field. As these currents are not responsible for doing any useful work, and it produces a loss (I^2R loss) in the magnetic material known as an Eddy Current Loss.
The eddy current loss is minimised by making the core with thin laminations
Copper Loss Or Ohmic Loss
These losses occur due to ohmic resistance of the transformer windings. If I1 and I2 are the primary and the secondary current. R1 and R2 are the resistance of primary and secondary winding then the copper losses occurring in the primary and secondary winding will be I1^2 R1 and I2^2 R2 respectively
Stray Loss
The occurrence of these stray losses is due to the presence of leakage field. The percentage of these losses are very small as compared to the iron and copper losses so they can be neglected.
Dielectric Loss
Dielectric loss occurs in the insulating material of the transformer that is in the oil of the transformer, or in the solid insulations. When the oil gets deteriorated or the solid insulation get damaged, or its quality decreases, and because of this, the efficiency of transformer is effected
Iron Losses
Hysteresis Loss
Eddy Current Loss
Copper Loss Or Ohmic Loss
Stray Loss
Dielectric Loss
Iron Losses
Iron losses are caused by the alternating flux in the core of the transformer as this loss occurs in the core it is also known as Core loss. Iron loss is further divided into hysteresis and eddy current loss.
Hysteresis Loss
The core of the transformer is subjected to an alternating magnetising force, and for each cycle of emf, a hysteresis loop is traced out. Power is dissipated in the form of heat known as hysteresis loss. The iron or core losses can be minimised by using silicon steel material for the construction of the core of the transformer.
Eddy Current Loss
When the flux links with a closed circuit, an emf is induced in the circuit and the current flows, the value of the current depends upon the amount of emf around the circuit and the resistance of the circuit. Since the core is made of conducting material, these EMFs circulates currents within the body of the material. These circulating currents are called Eddy Currents. They will occur when the conductor experiences a changing magnetic field. As these currents are not responsible for doing any useful work, and it produces a loss (I^2R loss) in the magnetic material known as an Eddy Current Loss.
The eddy current loss is minimised by making the core with thin laminations
Copper Loss Or Ohmic Loss
These losses occur due to ohmic resistance of the transformer windings. If I1 and I2 are the primary and the secondary current. R1 and R2 are the resistance of primary and secondary winding then the copper losses occurring in the primary and secondary winding will be I1^2 R1 and I2^2 R2 respectively
Stray Loss
The occurrence of these stray losses is due to the presence of leakage field. The percentage of these losses are very small as compared to the iron and copper losses so they can be neglected.
Dielectric Loss
Dielectric loss occurs in the insulating material of the transformer that is in the oil of the transformer, or in the solid insulations. When the oil gets deteriorated or the solid insulation get damaged, or its quality decreases, and because of this, the efficiency of transformer is effected