Civil Engineering ⇒ Topic : Variation of Viscosity with Temperature
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Ishaan
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Variation of Viscosity with Temperature : Temperature affects the viscosity. The viscosity of liquids decreases with the increase of temperature while the viscosity of gases increases with the increase of temperature. This is due to reason that the viscous forces in a fluid are due to cohesive forces and molecular momentum transfer. In liquids, the cohesive forces predominates the molecular momentum transfer, due to closely packed molecules and with the increase in temperature, the cohesive forces decreases with the result of decreasing viscosity. But in case of gases the cohesive forces are small and molecular momentum transfer predominates. With the increase in temperature, molecular momentum transfer increases and hence viscosity increases. The relation between viscosity and temperature for liquids and gases are :
μ0 = Viscosity of liquid at 0°C, in poise α, β = Constants for the liquid For water, μ0 = 1.79 x 10-3 poise, α = 0.03368 and β = 0.000221. Above equation shows that with the increase of temperature, the viscosity decreases. (ii) For a gas, μ = μ0 + αt - βt2 | |||
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