Electrical Engineering ⇒ Topic : Applications of Ferromagnetic Materials
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Gopal
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Applications of Ferromagnetic Materials Ferromagnetic materials (e.g. iron,steel, nickel, cobalt etc.) are widely used in a number of applications. The choice oi a ferromagnetic material for a particular application depends upon its magnetic properties such as retentivity, coercivity and area of the hysteresis loop. Ferromagnetic materials are classified as being either soft (soft iron) and hard (steel). Fig. (a) shows the hysteresis loop for soft and hard ferromagnetic materials. The table below, gives the magnetic properties of hard and soft ferromagnetic materials figure (a) (1)The permanent magnets are maae trom nara ten-omagnetic matenats tsteet, cc:oak steel, carbon steel etc). Since these materials have high retentivity, the magnet is quite strong. Due to their high coercivity, they are unlikely to be demagnetised by stray magnetic fields. (2) The electromagnets or temporary magnets are made from soft ferromagnetic materials (e.g. soft iron). Since these materials have low coercivity, they can be easily demagnetised. Due to high saturation flux density, they make strong magnets. (3) The transformer cores are made from soft ferromagnetic materials. When a transformer is in use, its core is taken through many cycles of magnetisation. Energy is dissipated in the core in the form of heat during each cycle. The energy dissipated is known as hysteresis loss and is proportional to the area of hysteresis loop. Since the soft ferromagnetic materials have narrow hysteresis loop (i.e. smaller hysteresis loop area), they are used for making transformer cores. | |
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Gopal
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Applications of Ferromagnetic Materials Ferromagnetic materials (e.g. iron,steel, nickel, cobalt etc.) are widely used in a number of applications. The choice oi a ferromagnetic material for a particular application depends upon its magnetic properties such as retentivity, coercivity and area of the hysteresis loop. Ferromagnetic materials are classified as being either soft (soft iron) and hard (steel). Fig. (a) shows the hysteresis loop for soft and hard ferromagnetic materials. The table below, gives the magnetic properties of hard and soft ferromagnetic materials figure (a) (1)The permanent magnets are maae trom nara ten-omagnetic matenats tsteet, cc:oak steel, carbon steel etc). Since these materials have high retentivity, the magnet is quite strong. Due to their high coercivity, they are unlikely to be demagnetised by stray magnetic fields. (2) The electromagnets or temporary magnets are made from soft ferromagnetic materials (e.g. soft iron). Since these materials have low coercivity, they can be easily demagnetised. Due to high saturation flux density, they make strong magnets. (3) The transformer cores are made from soft ferromagnetic materials. When a transformer is in use, its core is taken through many cycles of magnetisation. Energy is dissipated in the core in the form of heat during each cycle. The energy dissipated is known as hysteresis loss and is proportional to the area of hysteresis loop. Since the soft ferromagnetic materials have narrow hysteresis loop (i.e. smaller hysteresis loop area), they are used for making transformer cores. | |
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