Electrical Engineering ⇒ Topic : Definition
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Richard
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The transformer is a device which is widely used to change the voltage and current relations in ac electric circuits. The voltages and currents can either be increased or reduced as required. With the rapid development the field of Extra High Voltage (E.H.V.), ac power transmission systems were possible to a great extent through the use of transformers. A transformer is a device that has no moving parts and it transfers energy from one circuit to another without any electrical connections but by electromagnetic induction. The energy is always transferred without change in frequency, but usually with changes in voltage and current. A step-up transformer receives electrical energy at one voltage and delivers it at a higher voltage. Conversely, a step-down transformer receives energy at one voltage and delivers it at a lower voltage. Transformers require little care and maintenance because of their simple, rugged, and durable construction. The efficiency of transformers is high because there are no moving parts and typically, efficiency may vary from 94 to 96% for 5 kVA transformers and from 97 to 99% for 100 MVA transformers. Because of this high efficiency, transformers are responsible for the extensive use of ac over dc. With the advent of transformers, it has become possible to generate,transmit and utilise electricity at the most economical voltages. Transformers are used to supply electricity at any desired voltage depending upon the requirements of the electrical device. | |
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